D2I2.

Brain & Nerves

182 diseases · 20 high-burden in India

Alcohol use disorder

Alcoholism is the continued drinking of alcohol despite the problems it causes. Some…

Anxiety disorder

Anxiety disorders are a group of mental disorders characterized by significant and…

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST), cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis or cerebral…

Depression

Major depressive disorder (MDD), also known as clinical depression, is a mental disorder…

Down syndrome

Down syndrome or Down's syndrome, also known as Trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused…

Encephalitis

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain. The severity can be variable with symptoms…

Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a group of neurological disorders characterized by a tendency for recurrent,…

Heat stroke

Heat stroke or heatstroke, also known as sun-stroke, is a severe heat illness that…

Insomnia

Insomnia, also known as sleeplessness, is a sleep disorder causing difficulty falling…

Japanese encephalitis

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an infection of the brain caused by the Japanese…

Meningitis

Meningitis is acute or chronic inflammation of the protective membranes covering the…

Neurocysticercosis

Cysticercosis is a tissue infection caused by the young form of the pork tapeworm. People…

Sciatica

Sciatica is pain going down the leg from the lower back. This pain may extend down the…

Spina bifida

Spina bifida is a birth defect in which there is incomplete closing of the spine and the…

Stroke

A stroke is a medical condition in which blood flow to a part of the brain is reduced or…

Subacute combined degeneration

Subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord, also known as myelosis funiculus, or…

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE), also known as Dawson disease, is a rare form…

Substance use disorder

Substance use disorder (SUD) is the persistent use of drugs despite substantial harm and…

Sydenham's chorea

Sydenham's chorea, also known as rheumatic chorea, is a disorder characterized by rapid,…

Tension headache

Tension headache, stress headache, or tension-type headache (TTH) is the most common type…

ADHD

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder…

Adrenoleukodystrophy

Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a disease linked to the X chromosome. It is a result of…

Agoraphobia

Agoraphobia is an anxiety disorder characterized by symptoms of anxiety in situations…

Aicardi syndrome

Aicardi syndrome is a rare genetic malformation syndrome characterized by the partial or…

Aicardi–Goutières syndrome

Aicardi–Goutières syndrome (AGS), which is completely distinct from the similarly named…

Akathisia

Akathisia is a movement disorder characterized by a subjective feeling of inner…

Alexander disease

Alexander disease is a very rare autosomal dominant leukodystrophy, which are…

Alström syndrome

Alström syndrome (AS) is a very rare multi-system, autosomal recessive genetic disorder…

Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease and is the most common form of…

Angelman syndrome

Angelman syndrome (AS) is a rare genetic disorder that affects approximately 1 in 15,000…

Anorexia nervosa

Anorexia nervosa (AN), often referred to simply as anorexia, is an eating disorder…

Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis

Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is a type of brain inflammation caused by antibodies.…

Antisocial personality disorder

Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is a personality disorder defined by a chronic…

Arteriovenous malformation

An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an abnormal connection between arteries and veins,…

Autism spectrum

Autism, also known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is a condition characterized by…

Bell's palsy

Bell's palsy is a type of facial paralysis that results in a temporary inability to…

Bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder (BD), previously known as manic depression, is a mental disorder…

Blepharospasm

Blepharospasm is a neurological disorder characterized by intermittent, involuntary…

Body dysmorphic disorder

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), also known in some contexts as dysmorphophobia or simply…

Borderline personality disorder

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a personality disorder characterized by a…

Brain abscess

Brain abscess is an abscess within the brain tissue caused by inflammation and collection…

Brain tumor

A brain tumor occurs when a group of cells within the brain grow out of control, creating…

Bulimia nervosa

Bulimia nervosa (BN), also known simply as bulimia, is an eating disorder characterized…

CADASIL

CADASIL or CADASIL syndrome, involving cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with…

Canavan disease

Canavan disease, or Canavan–Van Bogaert–Bertrand disease, is a rare and fatal autosomal…

Capgras delusion

Capgras delusion or Capgras syndrome (CS) is a psychiatric disorder in which a person…

Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome

Cardiofaciocutaneous (CFC) syndrome is an extremely rare genetic disorder, and is one of…

Catatonia

Catatonia is a neuropsychiatric syndrome most commonly seen in people with underlying…

Cauda equina syndrome

Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a condition that occurs when the bundle of nerves below…

Central pontine myelinolysis

Central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) is a neurological condition involving severe damage to…

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a form of angiopathy in which specific proteins…

Cerebral cavernous malformation

Cavernous hemangioma, also called cavernous angioma, venous malformation, or cavernoma,…

Cerebral palsy

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of movement disorders that appear in early childhood.…

Cervical spondylotic myelopathy

Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy (CSM) is a disorder characterised by the age-related…

Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease

Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease, also known as hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy…

CHARGE syndrome

CHARGE syndrome is a rare syndrome caused by a genetic disorder. First described in 1979,…

Chiari malformation

In neurology, the Chiari malformation is a structural defect in the cerebellum,…

Chronic fatigue syndrome

Myalgic encephalomyelitis​/​chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a disabling chronic…

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is an acquired autoimmune…

Cluster headache

Cluster headache is a neurological disorder characterized by episodes of severe headaches…

Coffin–Lowry syndrome

Coffin–Lowry syndrome is a genetic disorder that is X-linked dominant and which causes an…

Conversion disorder

Conversion disorder (CD) was a formerly diagnosed psychiatric disorder characterized by…

Cornelia de Lange syndrome

Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a genetic disorder. People with Cornelia de Lange…

Corticobasal degeneration

Corticobasal degeneration (CBD) is a rare neurodegenerative disease involving the…

Costello syndrome

Costello syndrome, also called faciocutaneoskeletal syndrome or FCS syndrome, is a rare…

Cotard delusion

Cotard's syndrome, also known as Cotard's delusion or walking corpse syndrome, is a rare…

Craniopharyngioma

A craniopharyngioma is a rare type of brain tumor derived from pituitary gland embryonic…

Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease

Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) is an incurable, always fatal, neurodegenerative disease…

Cri du chat syndrome

Cri du chat syndrome is a rare genetic disorder due to a partial chromosome deletion on…

Delirium

Delirium is a specific state of acute confusion attributable to the direct physiological…

Delusional disorder

Delusional disorder is a mental disorder in which a person has delusions, but with no…

Dependent personality disorder

Dependent personality disorder (DPD) is a personality disorder characterized by a…

Dissociative identity disorder

Dissociative identity disorder (DID), previously known as multiple personality disorder…

Dravet syndrome

Dravet syndrome (DS), previously known as severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy (SMEI), is…

Dystonia

Dystonia is a neurological hyperkinetic movement disorder in which sustained or…

Ependymoma

An ependymoma is a tumor that arises from the ependyma, a tissue of the central nervous…

Essential tremor

Essential tremor (ET), also called benign tremor, familial tremor, and idiopathic tremor,…

Fahr's disease

Primary familial brain calcification (PFBC), also known as familial idiopathic basal…

Fragile X syndrome

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder. The average IQ in…

Friedreich's ataxia

Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is a rare, inherited, autosomal recessive neurodegenerative…

Frontotemporal dementia

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD), also known as frontotemporal degeneration, and…

Giant axonal neuropathy

Giant axonal neuropathy is a rare, autosomal recessive neurological disorder that causes…

Glioblastoma

Glioblastoma, previously known as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), is the most aggressive…

GM1 gangliosidosis

The GM1 gangliosidoses, usually shortened to GM1, are gangliosidoses caused by mutation…

Guillain–Barré syndrome

Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rapid-onset muscle weakness caused by the immune…

Hemiballismus

Hemiballismus or hemiballism is a basal ganglia syndrome resulting from damage to the…

Hemifacial spasm

Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a rare neuromuscular disease characterized by irregular,…

Hereditary spastic paraplegia

Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a group of inherited diseases whose main feature…

Hoarding disorder

Hoarding disorder (HD) is a mental disorder characterized by persistent difficulty in…

Huntington's disease

Huntington's disease (HD), also known as Huntington's chorea, is a fatal…

Hydrocephalus

Hydrocephalus is a condition in which cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) builds up within and/or…

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), previously known as pseudotumor cerebri and…

Intermittent explosive disorder

Intermittent explosive disorder (IED), or episodic dyscontrol syndrome (EDS), is a mental…

Joubert syndrome

Joubert syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder that affects the…

Kabuki syndrome

Kabuki syndrome is a rare congenital disorder of genetic origin. It affects multiple…

Kleptomania

Kleptomania is the inability to resist the urge to steal items, usually for reasons other…

Korsakoff syndrome

Korsakoff syndrome (KS) is a disorder of the central nervous system characterized by…

Krabbe disease

Krabbe disease (KD) is a rare and often fatal lysosomal storage disease that results in…

Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome

Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by…

Leigh syndrome

Leigh syndrome is an inherited neurometabolic disorder that affects the central nervous…

Lennox–Gastaut syndrome

Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is a complex, rare, and severe childhood-onset epilepsy…

Lesch–Nyhan syndrome

Lesch–Nyhan syndrome (LNS) is a rare inherited disorder caused by a deficiency of the…

Lewy body dementia

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a type of dementia characterized by changes in sleep,…

Lissencephaly

Lissencephaly is a set of rare brain disorders whereby the whole or parts of the surface…

Locked-in syndrome

Locked-in syndrome (LIS), also known as pseudocoma, is a condition in which a patient is…

Medulloblastoma

Medulloblastoma is a common type of primary brain cancer in children. It originates in…

MELAS syndrome

MELAS is one of the family of mitochondrial diseases, which also include MIDD, MERRF…

Meningioma

Meningioma, also known as meningeal tumor, is typically a slow-growing tumor that forms…

Menkes disease

Menkes disease (MNK), also known as Menkes syndrome, is an X-linked recessive disorder…

Metachromatic leukodystrophy

Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is a lysosomal storage disease which is commonly…

Migraine

Migraine is a neurological disorder that causes moderate-to-severe headaches. The pain…

Moebius syndrome

Möbius syndrome or Moebius syndrome is a rare congenital neurological disorder which is…

Motor neurone disease (ALS)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as motor neuron disease (MND) or Lou…

Mowat–Wilson syndrome

Mowat–Wilson syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that was clinically delineated by David…

Moyamoya disease

Moyamoya disease is a disease in which certain arteries in the brain are constricted.…

Multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks myelin,…

Multiple system atrophy

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by…

Myoclonus

Myoclonus is a brief, involuntary, irregular twitching of a muscle, a joint, or a group…

Narcissistic personality disorder

Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) is a complex and heterogeneous personality…

Narcolepsy

Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that impairs the ability to regulate…

Neuroblastoma

Neuroblastoma (NB) is a type of cancer that forms in certain types of nerve tissue. It…

Neurofibromatosis

Neurofibromatosis (NF) refers to a group of three distinct genetic conditions in which…

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare but life-threatening reaction that can…

Neuromyelitis optica

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are a spectrum of autoimmune diseases…

Normal pressure hydrocephalus

Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), also called malresorptive hydrocephalus, is a form…

Occipital neuralgia

Occipital neuralgia (ON) is a painful condition affecting the posterior head in the…

OCD

Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental disorder in which an individual has…

Panic disorder

Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by reoccurring unexpected panic…

Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration

Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN), formerly called…

Paranoid personality disorder

Paranoid personality disorder (PPD) is a personality disorder characterized by paranoia,…

Parkinson's disease

Parkinson's disease (PD), or simply Parkinson's, is a neurodegenerative disease primarily…

Parkinson's vs dementia

Dementia is a syndrome, often associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as…

Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease

Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease is an X-linked neurological disorder that damages…

Peripheral neuropathy

Peripheral neuropathy, often shortened to neuropathy, refers to damage or disease…

Phelan–McDermid syndrome

22q13 deletion syndrome, known as Phelan–McDermid syndrome (PMS), is a genetic disorder…

Phenylketonuria

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inborn error of metabolism that results in decreased…

Pica

Pica is the psychologically compulsive craving or consumption of objects that are not…

Pitt–Hopkins syndrome

Pitt–Hopkins syndrome (PTHS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by developmental…

Pituitary adenoma

A pituitary adenoma is a tumor that occurs in the pituitary gland. Most pituitary tumors…

Prader–Willi syndrome

Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by a loss of function of…

Progressive supranuclear palsy

Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disease involving…

Pseudobulbar affect

Pseudobulbar affect (PBA), or emotional incontinence, is a neurological disorder…

PTSD

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental disorder that develops from…

Rasmussen's encephalitis

Rasmussen syndrome, also known as Rasmussen's encephalitis, is a rare progressive…

Refsum disease

Refsum disease is an autosomal recessive neurological disease that results in the…

Restless legs syndrome

Restless legs syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis–Ekbom disease (WED), is a neurological…

Rett syndrome

Rett syndrome (RTT) is a genetic disorder that typically becomes apparent after 6–18…

Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome

Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome (RTS) is a rare genetic condition characterized by short…

Sandhoff disease

Sandhoff disease is a lysosomal genetic, lipid storage disorder caused by the inherited…

Schizoaffective disorder

Schizoaffective disorder is a mental disorder characterized by symptoms of both…

Schizoid personality disorder

Schizoid personality disorder is a personality disorder characterized by a lack of…

Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized variously by hallucinations, delusions,…

Seasonal affective disorder

Seasonal affective disorder is a mood disorder subset in which people who typically have…

Selective mutism

Selective mutism (SM) is an anxiety disorder in which a person who is otherwise capable…

Serotonin syndrome

Serotonin syndrome (SS) consists of a group of symptoms that may occur with the use of…

Smith–Magenis syndrome

Smith–Magenis syndrome (SMS), also known as 17p-microdeletion syndrome, is a…

Social anxiety disorder

Social anxiety disorder (SAD), previously known as social phobia, is an anxiety disorder…

Sotos syndrome

Sotos syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by excessive physical growth…

Spasmodic dysphonia

Spasmodic dysphonia, also known as laryngeal dystonia, is a disorder in which the muscles…

Specific phobia

Specific phobia is an anxiety disorder, characterized by an extreme, unreasonable, and…

Spinal muscular atrophy

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare neuromuscular disorder that results in the loss…

Spinocerebellar ataxia

Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is a progressive, degenerative, genetic disease with…

Status epilepticus

Status epilepticus (SE), or status seizure, is a medical condition characterized by a…

Sturge–Weber syndrome

Sturge–Weber syndrome, sometimes referred to as encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis, is a…

Subarachnoid haemorrhage

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is bleeding into the subarachnoid space—the area between…

Subdural haematoma

A subdural hematoma (SDH) is a type of bleeding in which a collection of blood—usually…

Syringomyelia

Syringomyelia is a generic term referring to a disorder in which a cyst or cavity forms…

Tabes dorsalis

Tabes dorsalis is a late consequence of neurosyphilis, characterized by the slow…

Tardive dyskinesia

Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is an iatrogenic disorder that results in involuntary repetitive…

Tay–Sachs disease

Tay–Sachs disease is an inherited fatal lysosomal storage disease that results in the…

Tic disorder

Tic disorders are defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders…

Tourette syndrome

Tourette syndrome (TS), or simply Tourette's, is a motor disorder that begins in…

Transient ischaemic attack (mini-stroke)

A transient ischemic attack (TIA), commonly known as mini-stroke, is a temporary, or…

Transverse myelitis

Transverse myelitis (TM) is a rare neurological condition wherein the spinal cord is…

Trichotillomania

Trichotillomania (TTM), also known as hair-pulling disorder or compulsive hair pulling,…

Trigeminal neuralgia

Trigeminal neuralgia, also called Fothergill disease, tic douloureux, or trifacial…

Tuberous sclerosis

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare, multi-system genetic disorder that causes the…

Vascular dementia

Vascular dementia is dementia caused by a series of strokes. Restricted blood flow due to…

Von Hippel–Lindau disease

Von Hippel–Lindau disease (VHL), also known as Von Hippel–Lindau syndrome, is a rare…

Walker–Warburg syndrome

Walker–Warburg syndrome (WWS), also called Warburg syndrome, Chemke syndrome, HARD…

Wernicke encephalopathy

Wernicke encephalopathy (WE), also Wernicke's encephalopathy, or wet brain is the…

Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome

Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a chromosomal deletion syndrome resulting from a…

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