D2I2.
congenital⚑ High burden in India

Spina bifida

Spina bifida is a birth defect in which there is incomplete closing of the spine and the around the spinal cord during early development in pregnancy. There are three main types: spina bifida occulta, meningocele and myelomeningocele. Meningocele and myelomeningocele may be collectively referred to as spina bifida cystica due to the protrusion of the spinal cord and/or meninges through defects in the vertebral arches, resulting in a meningeal cyst. The most common location is the lower back, but in rare cases it may be in the middle back or neck.

Underlined words are explained — tap any of them.

Symptoms — what it feels like

  • ·Hairy patch, dimple, dark spot, swelling on the lower back

Causes — why it happens

  • · and environmental factors

How it's found

  • ·Amniocentesis, medical

Prevention

  • · supplementation

Treatment

  • ·

Complications

  • ·Poor ability to walk, problems with or bowel control, hydrocephalus, tethered spinal cord, latex allergy
Plain-language summary adapted from Wikipedia. Not medical advice.