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neurological

Migraine

Migraine is a disorder that causes moderate-to-severe headaches. The pain usually affects one side of the head. It is generally associated with , light sensitivity and sound sensitivity. Other symptoms may include dizziness, vomiting, and difficulty thinking. In some cases, a migraine attack begins with an aura, a period of disturbance.

Underlined words are explained — tap any of them.

Symptoms — what it feels like

  • ·Headaches coupled with disturbances such as , sensitivity to light, sound, and smell

Causes — why it happens

  • ·Environmental and

Prevention

  • ·Propranolol, amitriptyline, topiramate, gepants

The sections below are general education drawn from public guidelines (NHS, Mayo, CPIC, WHO, ICMR). They are not individually reviewed by a clinician and are not medical advice — always talk to a doctor about your own health.

When to see a doctor

Usually fine

For an occasional migraine you already know, resting in a quiet dark room, drinking water, and your usual simple pain relief may be enough.

See a doctor

See a doctor if headaches are frequent, getting worse, not helped by usual pain relief, or getting in the way of daily life, or if you keep needing pain medicine several days a week.

Get care urgently

Call emergency services for a sudden very severe headache (worst ever), or a headache with a stiff neck, high fever, rash, confusion, weakness, numbness, trouble speaking, or vision loss, or one after a head injury. These need immediate care.

General guidance, not a diagnosis. When in doubt, see a doctor.

Questions to ask your doctor

  • ?How can you tell this is migraine and not another cause?
  • ?What are my triggers and how can I avoid them?
  • ?What can I do at the first sign of an attack?
  • ?How many days a week of pain medicine is too many?
  • ?Which symptoms would be a red flag needing urgent care?
  • ?Should I keep a headache diary, and how?

What to note before your visit

  • ·how often headaches happen and how long they last
  • ·possible triggers like food, sleep, stress, or screens
  • ·any warning signs before the pain (aura)
  • ·how often and what pain medicine you use
Plain-language summary adapted from Wikipedia. Not medical advice.