metabolic
Hypercalcaemia
Hypercalcaemia, also spelt hypercalcemia (US), is a high calcium (Ca2+) level in the blood serum. The normal range for total calcium is 2.1–2.6 mmol/L (8.8–10.7 mg/dL, 4.3–5.2 mEq/L), with levels greater than 2.6 mmol/L defined as hypercalcaemia. Those with a mild increase that has developed slowly typically have no symptoms. In those with greater levels or rapid onset, symptoms may include pain, bone pain, confusion, depression, weakness, kidney stones or an abnormal heart rhythm including .
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Symptoms — what it feels like
- · pain, bone pain, confusion, depression, weakness
Causes — why it happens
- ·Primary hyperparathyroidism, cancer, sarcoidosis, , Paget disease, multiple neoplasia, vitamin D toxicity
How it's found
- ·Blood serum level > 2.6 mmol/L (corrected calcium or ionised calcium)
Treatment
- ·Underlying cause, fluids, furosemide, calcitonin, pamidronate, haemodialysis
Complications
- ·Kidney stones, abnormal heart rhythm,
Outlook
- ·1-4% or 10-40 per 1,000 (general population)
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See all of Thyroid & Hormones →Plain-language summary adapted from Wikipedia. Not medical advice.