endocrine

Hyperparathyroidism

Hyperparathyroidism is an increase in parathyroid (PTH) levels in the blood. This occurs from a disorder either within the parathyroid or as response to external stimuli. Symptoms of hyperparathyroidism are caused by inappropriately elevated blood calcium excreted from the bones into the blood stream in response to increased production of parathyroid hormone. In healthy people, when blood calcium levels are high, parathyroid hormone levels should be low. With long-standing hyperparathyroidism, the most common symptom is kidney stones. Other symptoms may include bone pain, weakness, depression, confusion, and increased urination. Both primary and secondary may result in osteoporosis.

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Symptoms — what it feels like

·None, kidney stones, weakness, depression, bone pains, confusion, increased urination

Causes — why it happens

·Primary: parathyroid adenoma, multiple , parathyroid cancer
·Secondary: vitamin D , kidney disease, low blood calcium

How it's found

·High blood calcium and high PTH levels

Treatment

·Monitoring, , normal saline, cinacalcet

Complications

·Osteoporosis

More in Thyroid & Hormones

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Plain-language summary adapted from Wikipedia. Not medical advice.