endocrine

Gynaecomastia

Gynecomastia is the non-cancerous enlargement of one or both breasts in men due to the growth of breast as a result of a imbalance between estrogens and androgens. Physically speaking, gynecomastia is completely , but it is associated with significant psychological distress, social stigma, and dysphoria.

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Causes — why it happens

·Increased estrogen/androgen ratio (physiologic, medications, kidney disease, , , , certain cancers, anabolic ), Klinefelter

How it's found

·physical exam, mammography (if indicated)

Treatment

·Lifestyle modifications, aromatase , SERMs, or

Complications

·Psychological distress

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Prostate cancer Erectile dysfunction Testicular cancer Male infertility Varicocele Epididymitis Low testosterone Hydrocele Testicular torsion Orchitis Klinefelter syndrome Undescended testicle

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Plain-language summary adapted from Wikipedia. Not medical advice.