Ovarian cancer
cancer is a cancerous tumor of an ovary. It may originate from the ovary itself or more commonly from communicating nearby structures such as fallopian tubes or the inner lining of the . The ovary is made up of three different cell types including cells, germ cells, and stromal cells. When these cells become abnormal, they can divide and form . These cells can also invade or metastasize (spread) to other parts of the body. When this process begins, there may be no or only vague symptoms. Symptoms become more noticeable as the cancer progresses. These symptoms may include , bleeding, pain, swelling, , and loss of appetite, among others. Common areas to which the cancer may spread include the lining of the abdomen, lymph nodes, lungs, and liver.
Underlined words are explained — tap any of them.
Symptoms — what it feels like
- ·Early: vague
- ·Later: , pain, , swelling, loss of appetite
How it's found
- ·
Treatment
- ·, , targeted therapy
Outlook
- ·Five-year survival rate c. 52% (US)
Across the cancer gene set (BRCA1, BRCA2, MLH1, MSH2, TP53), 108 -'' are actually seen in South Asians () - many European-absent and still clinically 'uncertain'. For cancer, that's a pool of computationally-damaging, India-relevant, clinically-unresolved variants no one has systematically characterised.
A study that would help: Take the South-Asian-observed, European-absent, ClinVar-uncertain in BRCA1, BRCA2, MLH1, MSH2, TP53 and triage them for cancer: functional assays or family segregation to move them from 'uncertain' to a real call. Each reclassified is a usable diagnostic result.