D2I2.
genetic⚑ High burden in India

G6PD deficiency

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDD), also known as favism, is the most common deficiency worldwide. It is an inborn error of that predisposes to red blood cell breakdown. Most of the time, those who are affected have no symptoms. Following a specific trigger, symptoms such as yellowish skin, dark urine, shortness of breath, and feeling tired may develop. can include anemia and newborn . Some people never have symptoms.

Underlined words are explained — tap any of them.

Symptoms — what it feels like

  • ·Yellowish skin, dark urine, shortness of breath

Causes — why it happens

  • · ( )

Treatment

  • ·Avoiding triggers, medications for , stopping offending medication, blood transfusions

Complications

  • ·, newborn
An open question — could you help answer it?

Across the other high- (india) gene set (), 17 -'' are actually seen in South Asians () - many European-absent and still clinically 'uncertain'. For g6pd , that's a pool of computationally-damaging, India-relevant, clinically-unresolved variants no one has systematically characterised.

A study that would help: Take the South-Asian-observed, European-absent, ClinVar-uncertain in and triage them for g6pd : functional assays or family segregation to move them from 'uncertain' to a real call. Each reclassified is a usable diagnostic result.

Genomics deep dive · verified

The enzyme flaw that turns a routine malaria cure into an emergency — with India-only variants the reference data misses

The finding

affects about 1.9% of Indians (up to ~6% in some groups). The catch: primaquine, the drug that clears relapsing P. vivax malaria, triggers dangerous red-cell breakdown in deficient people — so India's malaria-elimination push runs straight into a wall.

Why India specifically

India's malaria-endemic zones overlap its tribal belts, which carry both the most malaria and the most . And the are partly India-specific — Orissa and Kalyan-Kerala alongside the Mediterranean type. Crucially, the urban South-Asian samples in global reference panels () largely miss these tribal variants: a blind spot inside the blind spot.

What's known — and the gap

The major are catalogued, and point-of-care testing before primaquine is the known safeguard. The gap is coverage: tribal and India-specific variants are under-represented in reference data, so a 'normal' result can still miss real .

A study you could fund

Sequence across under-sampled Indian tribal populations, map the India-specific , and validate whether standard tests catch them before radical-cure primaquine is given.

Plain-language summary adapted from Wikipedia. Not medical advice.