Ectodermal dysplasia

Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) refers to a group of genetic disorders characterized by the abnormal development or function of two or more structures that originate from the ectoderm, the outer layer of an embryo. These structures include hair, teeth, nails, and sweat glands, all of which may develop abnormally in people with ED. There are over 200 different syndromes classified under ED, each with a range of symptoms and genetic causes. The most common type is hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED), which affects approximately 1 in every 5,000 to 10,000 live births. HED primarily affects males because it is typically inherited through the X chromosome.

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